European Energy Law Report XIV

Introduction 1

PART I. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE EU AND EU ENERGY LAW
Chapter I. Brexit and the Energy Market: The UK Decoupled 11
Chapter II. The EU’s Text Proposal for a Revised Energy Charter Treaty: Legal Consequences and the Practical Implications for the Energy Transition 31
Chapter III. Review of the EU 20-20-20 Goals 55

PART II. EU CASE LAW
Chapter IV. How is the Energy Sector Faring at the EU Courts? 79
Chapter V. Energy Policy Objectives in Lithuania in the Light of Recent State Aid Cases 97
Chapter VI. Offshore Wind Farms and State Aid Rules: The Case of France 115

PART III. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CROSS-BORDER ENERGY GOVERNANCE
Chapter VII. Cross-Border Electricity Trade in Europe: Towards an ‘Electrical Schengen Area’? 131
Chapter VIII. The New Nordic Balancing Model (p. 149)
Chapter IX. The Contested Legal and Political Landscape of Nord Stream 2: In Uncharted Waters 171

PART IV. ENERGY COMMUNITIES
Chapter X. Energy Communities in the EU: Challenges for the Implementation of the EU Legal Framework 197
Chapter XI. Energy Communities in Spain: Legal and Societal Challenges 219
Chapter XII. Energy Communities in the Netherlands: Learning from Local Energy Initiatives 239

PART V. CLEAN HYDROGEN: REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
Chapter XIII. Green Hydrogen Developments in the EU: Cross-Border Cooperation between Germany and the Netherlands 267
Chapter XIV. The Regulatory Framework for Green Hydrogen Developments in the North Sea 295