

Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko is a Professor of Quantitative Empirical Legal Studies at the Rotterdam Institute of Law and Economics, Erasmus School of Law, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Meer over de auteursDay Fines in Europe
Assessing Income-Based Sanctions in Criminal Justice Systems
Paperback Engels 2021 1e druk 9781108796439Samenvatting
Day fines, as a pecuniary sanction, have a great potential to reduce inequality in the criminal sentencing system, as they impose the same relative punishment on all offenders irrespective of their income. Furthermore, with correct implementation, they can constitute an alternative sanction to the more repressive and not always efficient short-term prison sentences. Finally, by independently expressing in the sentence the severity and the income of the offender, day fines can increase uniformity and transparency of sentencing.
Having this in mind, almost half of the European Union countries have adopted day fines in their criminal justice system. For the first time, this book makes their findings accessible to a wider international audience. Aimed at scholars, policy makers and criminal law practitioners, it provides an opportunity to learn about the theoretical advantages, the practical challenges, the successes and failures, and ways to improve.
Specificaties
Lezersrecensies
Over Michael Faure
Inhoudsopgave
List of Tables xiii
List of Contributors xv
Acknowledgements xvii
List of Abbreviations xviii
1 Introduction
Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko and Michael Faure 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Day Fines Around the World 3
1.3 Synopsis and structure 5
References 7
2 Theoretical Perspectives on Day Fines
Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko 8
2.1 Introduction 8
2.2 Justifications of Punishment and Day Fines 9
2.3 Theoretically Optimal Day Fine Model 18
2.4 Conclusion 21
References 22
3 Day Fines in Finland
Raimo Lahti 24
3.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Finland and Their Legislative Reasons 24
3.2 Contents of the Provisions on Day Fines, Conversion Sentences and the Enforcement of Imposed Fines 27
3.3 Practical Implementation of the Day Fine System 32
3.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 39
3.5 Actual Challenges of the Fining System 39
3.6 Conclusion 41
References 42
4 Day Fines in Sweden
Jacob O¨ berg 44
4.1 Introduction 44
4.2 Historical Development of Day Fines in the Swedish Legal System 45
4.3 The Legal Framework of Day Fines 48
4.4 Practical Implementation of the Day Fine System 56
4.5 Public Perception and Criticism of the Day Fine System 61
4.6 Special Challenges: Switching to Day Fines from Short Imprisonment Sentences 63
4.7 Conclusions: Day Fines As an Alternative Criminal
Sanction 65
References 67
5 Day Fines in Denmark
Thomas Elholm 70
5.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in the Country 70
5.2 The Legal Framework and the Structure of Day Fines 72
5.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 76
5.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 82
5.5 Special Challenges 83
References 84
6 Day Fines in Germany
Hans-Joerg Albrecht 85
6.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Germany 85
6.2 The Comprehensive Criminal Law Reform, Day Fines and the System of Criminal Penalties 88
6.3 The Structure of Day Fines and Fining 94
6.4 Implementing the Day Fine System 101
6.5 Public Opinion and Day Fines 112
6.6 Challenges 115
References 117
7 Day Fines in Austria
Christopher Kahl and Verena Weinberger 122
7.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Austria 122
7.2 The Structure of the Fine 123
7.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 136
7.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 142
7.5 Conclusion 144
References 144
8 Day Fines in Hungary
Csaba Gyo˝ry 146
8.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Hungary 146
8.2 The Legal Framework for Day Fines 148
8.3 Practical Implementation 159
8.4 Conclusion 162
References 165
9 Day Fines in France
Bruno Deffains and Jean-Baptiste Thierry 167
9.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in France 167
9.2 Legal Framework for Day Fines 169
9.3 Practical Implementation of Day Fines 174
9.4 Statistical Elements 175
9.5 Evaluation 177
References 179
10 Day Fines in Portugal
Maria Fernanda Palma and Helena Mora˜o 181
10.1 Historical Development of the Day Fine Model in Portugal 181
10.2 The Legal Framework of Day Fines 186
10.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 190
10.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 192
10.5 Constitutionality Challenges 193
References 193
11 Day (Unit) Fines in England and Wales
Valsamis Mitsilegas and Foivi Sofia Mouzakiti 195
11.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in England and Wales 196
11.2 The Legal Framework of Unit Fines 200
11.3 Practical Implementation of Unit Fines 204
11.4 Public Perception of Unit Fines 208
11.5 Special Challenges 210
11.6 Conclusion 212
References 213
12 Day Fines in Slovenia
Mitja Kovac 216
12.1 Introduction 216
12.2 Historical Development of Day Fines in the Country 217
12.3 The Structure of the Fine 223
12.4 Practical Implementation 226
12.5 Public Perception of Day Fines 232
12.6 Special Challenges 234
12.7 Conclusions 235
References 236
13 Day Fines in Spain
Jesu´s Barquı´n Sanz 238
13.1 Introduction: Fines in Spanish Criminal Law 238
13.2 Historical Development of Day Fines in Spain 240
13.3 Legal Framework 241
13.4 Practical Implementation 246
13.5 Public Perception 257
13.6 Other Challenges 260
References 261
14 Day Fines in Poland
Dawid Marko and Sławomir Steinborn 263
14.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Poland 263
14.2 The Legal Framework of Day Fines 266
14.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 272
14.4 The Public Perception of Day Fines 281
References 282
15 Day Fines in Croatia
Maja Munivrana Vajda 284
15.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Croatia 284
15.2 The Structure of the Fine 289
15.3 Practical Implementation of Day Fines 297
15.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 301
15.5 Special Challenges 302
References 303
16 Day Fines in Switzerland
Martin Killias and Lorenz Biberstein 306
16.1 Introduction 306
16.2 Monetary Penalties As an Alternative to Custodial Sanctions 306
16.3 Effects of Day Fines on Sentencing 311
16.4 A Major Problem Denied: Monetary Penalties Converted into Custody 316
16.5 Policy Implications 321
References 323
17 Day Fines in Czech Republic
Jirˇı´ Kindl and Jan Kupcˇı´k 324
17.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in the Country 324
17.2 The Legal Framework of Day Fines 327
17.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 334
17.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 341
17.5 Special challenges 343
References 344
18 Day Fines in Romania
Mihail Udroiu 346
18.1 Historical Development of Day Fines in Romania 346
18.2 The Legal Framework for Day Fines 349
18.3 The Practical Implementation of Day Fines 355
18.4 Public Perception of Day Fines 362
18.5 Special Challenges 363
References 365
19 Comparative Law and Economics Perspective on Day Fines
Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko and Michael Faure 366
19.1 Introduction 366
19.2 A Comparative View 367
19.3 Theory versus Practice 373
19.4 Best Practices and Limitations 375
19.5 Policy Implications 381
19.6 Concluding Remarks 386
References 388
Index 389
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